Karnal Rice

What is Karnal Rice?

Karnal Rice refers to high-quality rice cultivated in the Karnal district of Haryana, India, which is globally renowned for producing some of the finest rice varieties. Karnal is often referred to as the “Rice Bowl of India” due to its fertile soil, favorable climate, and long-standing agricultural heritage focused on rice cultivation.

Karnal rice is not a single variety but rather a collective term for multiple premium rice types (such as Basmati and non-Basmati) that are cultivated, processed, and exported from the Karnal region. These include globally popular varieties like 1121 Basmati, Pusa Basmati, Sharbati, and PR-11. Each type of Karnal rice has distinct qualities in terms of grain length, aroma, and texture.

Origin and Importance

Karnal has a rich legacy in rice farming, backed by advanced research from agricultural institutions like the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI). The region’s access to water through canal irrigation and its proximity to rice research centers make it a hub for rice innovation and quality assurance.

Many leading Indian rice brands and exporters source their products directly from Karnal, making it a critical contributor to both domestic and international rice markets.

Key Features of Karnal Rice

• Extra-long and uniform grains (especially in Basmati variants).
• Naturally aromatic, especially in traditional Basmati types.
• Fluffy, non-sticky texture after cooking.
• High yield post-cooking — ideal for large servings.
• Strict quality control ensures minimal breakage and impurities.

Popular Varieties of Karnal Rice

1. 1121 Basmati Rice – Known for its extra-long grain and world-class aroma.
2. Pusa Basmati Rice – A hybrid Basmati with rich fragrance and yield.
3. Traditional Basmati – Heritage rice known for its rich aroma and taste.
4. Sharbati Rice – Affordable, non-Basmati long-grain rice with good cooking results.
5. PR-11/PR-14 Rice – Popular non-Basmati rice used in daily cooking and exports.

Culinary Uses of Karnal Rice

Karnal rice varieties are used in a wide range of dishes:

• Biryani and Pulao – Preferred for their texture and aroma.
• Daily meals – Served with curries, dals, and vegetables.
• Rice-based desserts – Like kheer, payasam, and phirni.
• Fried rice and rice bowls – In fusion and international cuisines.
• Catering and banquets – Due to high yield and elegant presentation.

Storage and Shelf Life

• Best stored in dry, airtight containers.
• Can last 18 to 24 months without losing flavor or texture.

Resistant to spoilage due to low moisture and premium processing.